Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

The final step of beta oxidation is the cleavage of 3-ketoacyl CoA by the thiol group of another molecule of CoA. This reaction is catalyzed by Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (or Β-ketothiolase). The thiol is inserted between C-2 and C-3, which yields an acetyl CoA molecule and an acyl CoA molecule, which is two carbons shorter.

Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase belongs to the thiolase family of enzymes.

Examples

Human genes that encode acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferases include:

acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 1 (peroxisomal)
Identifiers
Symbol	ACAA1
Entrez	30
HUGO	82
OMIM	604054
RefSeq	NM_001607
UniProt	P09110
Other data
EC number	2.3.1.16
Locus	Chr. 3 p23-p22

acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 2 (mitochondrial)
Identifiers
Symbol	ACAA2
Entrez	10449
HUGO	83
OMIM	604770
RefSeq	NM_006111
UniProt	P42765
Other data
EC number	2.3.1.16
Locus	Chr. 18 q21

hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase/3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase/enoyl-CoA hydratase (trifunctional protein), beta subunit
Identifiers
Symbol	HADHB
Entrez	3032
HUGO	4803
OMIM	143450
RefSeq	NM_000183
UniProt	P55084
Other data
EC number	2.3.1.16
Locus	Chr. 2 p23

External links

MeSH Acetyl-CoA+C-Acyltransferase

Transferases: acyltransferases (EC 2.3)

2.3.1: other than amino-acyl groups	acetyltransferases: Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase - N-Acetylglutamate synthase - Choline acetyltransferase - Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase - Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase - Beta-galactoside transacetylase - Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase - N-acetyltransferase (Serotonin N-acetyl transferase, HGSNAT, ARD1A) - Histone acetyltransferase (P300/CBP, NAT2) palmitoyltransferases: Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (CPT1, CPT2) - Serine C-palmitoyltransferase (SPTLC1, SPTLC2) other: Acyltransferase like 2 - Aminolevulinic acid synthase - Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase - Glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase - Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase Glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase - 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase - 2-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase - ABHD5

2.3.2: Aminoacyltransferases	Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase - Peptidyl transferase - Transglutaminase (Tissue transglutaminase, Keratinocyte transglutaminase, Factor XIII)

2.3.3: converted into alkyl on transfer	Citrate synthase - ATP citrate lyase - HMG-CoA synthase

B enzm: 1.1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/10/11/13/14/15-18, 2.1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8, 2.7.10, 2.7.11-12, 3.1/2/3/4/5/6/7, 3.1.3.48, 3.4.21/22/23/24, 4.1/2/3/4/5/6, 5.1/2/3/4/99, 6.1-3/4/5-6

Metabolism: lipid metabolism / fatty acid metabolism · triglyceride and fatty acid enzymes

Synthesis

Malonyl-CoA synthesis	ATP citrate lyase · Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

Fatty acid synthesis/ Fatty acid synthase	Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase · Β-Ketoacyl ACP reductase · 3-Hydroxyacyl ACP dehydrase · Enoyl ACP reductase

Fatty acid desaturases	Stearoyl-CoA_desaturase-1

Triacyl glycerol	Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase · Thiokinase

Degradation

Acyl transport

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I · Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase · Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II

Beta oxidation

General	Acyl CoA dehydrogenase (ACADL, ACADM, ACADS, ACADVL, ACADSB) · Enoyl-CoA hydratase MTP: HADH · HADHA · HADHB Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

Unsaturated	Enoyl CoA isomerase · 2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase

Odd chain	Propionyl-CoA carboxylase

Other	Hydroxyacyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase

To acetyl-CoA

Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase

Aldehydes

Long-chain-aldehyde dehydrogenase

M: MET

mt, k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, a/u, n, m

k, cgrp/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, au, n, m, epon

m(A16/C10),i(k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/o/e, a/u, n, m)